Inyubako ihuriweho na PV yasobanuwe nk'ahantu ibicuruzwa bya PV bidahiganwa bigerageza kugera ku isoko.Björn Rau, umuyobozi wa tekinike akaba n'umuyobozi wungirije wa PVcomB kuri, avuga ko ariko ibyo bishobora kuba bidakwiye.
Helmholtz-Zentrum i Berlin, wemera ko ihuriro ryabuze mu kohereza BIPV riri mu masangano y’umuryango w’inyubako, inganda z’ubwubatsi, n’abakora PV.
Kuva mu kinyamakuru PV
Iterambere ryihuse rya PV mu myaka icumi ishize ryageze ku isoko ry’isi yose igera kuri 100 GWp yashyizweho ku mwaka, bivuze ko amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba agera kuri miliyoni 350 kugeza kuri 400 akorwa kandi akagurishwa buri mwaka.Ariko, kubishyira mu nyubako biracyari isoko ryiza.Raporo iheruka gukorwa n’umushinga w’ubushakashatsi w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi Horizon 2020, PVSITES ivuga ko hafi 2 ku ijana gusa by’ubushobozi bwa PV bwinjijwe byinjijwe mu ruhu rwo kubaka mu 2016. Iyi mibare ya mincule iratangaje cyane iyo urebye ko ingufu zirenga 70 ku ijana zikoreshwa.CO2 zose zakozwe ku isi zikoreshwa mu mijyi, kandi hafi 40 kugeza kuri 50 ku ijana by'ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bituruka mu mijyi.
Kugira ngo iki kibazo cya gaze y’icyatsi kibisi no guteza imbere amashanyarazi ahakorerwa ingufu, Inteko ishinga amategeko n’inama y’Uburayi byashyizeho Amabwiriza ya 2010/31 / EU ku bijyanye n’ingufu z’inyubako, yatekerejwe nka “Hafi y’inyubako Zeru Zeru (NZEB)”.Aya mabwiriza akurikizwa ku nyubako nshya zose zizubakwa nyuma ya 2021. Ku nyubako nshya zigomba kubamo ibigo bya Leta, aya mabwiriza yatangiye gukurikizwa mu ntangiriro z'uyu mwaka.
Nta ngamba zihariye zisobanutse kugirango tugere kuri NZEB.Ba nyiri inyubako barashobora gutekereza kubijyanye ningufu zingufu nko gukumira, kugarura ubushyuhe, hamwe no kuzigama ingufu.Nyamara, kubera ko muri rusange ingano yingufu zinyubako arintego yo kugenzura, ingufu zamashanyarazi zikora mumyubakire cyangwa hafi yazo ni ngombwa kugirango zuzuze ibipimo bya NZEB.
Ibishoboka n'ibibazo
Ntagushidikanya ko ishyirwa mubikorwa rya PV rizagira uruhare runini mugushushanya inyubako zizaza cyangwa kuvugurura ibikorwa remezo bihari.igipimo cya NZEB kizaba imbaraga zo kugera kuri iyi ntego, ariko si wenyine.Kubaka Photovoltaics Yubatswe (BIPV) irashobora gukoreshwa mugukora ahantu hasanzwe cyangwa hejuru kugirango bitange amashanyarazi.Kubwibyo, nta mwanya winyongera ukenewe kugirango uzane PV nyinshi mumijyi.Ubushobozi bw'amashanyarazi asukuye butangwa na PV ihuriweho ni menshi.Nkuko ikigo cya Becquerel cyabisanze mu 2016, umugabane ushobora kubyara BIPV mu gukenera amashanyarazi arenga 30 ku ijana mu Budage no mu bihugu byinshi byo mu majyepfo (urugero Ubutaliyani) ndetse hafi 40%.
Ariko ni ukubera iki ibisubizo bya BIPV bigifite uruhare rukomeye mubucuruzi bwizuba?Kuki batakunze gutekerezwa mubikorwa byubwubatsi kugeza ubu?
Kugira ngo dusubize ibyo bibazo, ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cy’Ubudage Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB) cyakoze isesengura ry’ibisabwa umwaka ushize gitegura amahugurwa no kuvugana n’abafatanyabikorwa baturutse mu turere twose twa BIPV.Ibisubizo byerekanaga ko nta kubura ikoranabuhanga kuri buri.
Mu mahugurwa ya HZB, abantu benshi bo mu nganda z’ubwubatsi, bakora imishinga mishya yo kubaka cyangwa kuvugurura, bemeje ko hari ubumenyi buke ku bijyanye n’ubushobozi bwa BIPV n’ikoranabuhanga rishyigikira.Abubatsi benshi, abategura, hamwe naba nyiri inyubako ntibafite amakuru ahagije yo kwinjiza tekinoroji ya PV mumishinga yabo.Nkigisubizo, haribintu byinshi byerekeranye na BIPV, nkibishushanyo mbonera, igiciro kinini, kandi bigoye kubuza.Kugira ngo dutsinde ibyo bitekerezo bitari byo, ibyifuzo byabubatsi naba nyiri inyubako bigomba kuba ku isonga, no kumva uburyo abafatanyabikorwa babona BIPV bigomba kuba iby'ibanze.
Guhindura imitekerereze
BIPV itandukanye muburyo bwinshi na sisitemu isanzwe yizuba hejuru yinzu, idasaba guhinduka cyangwa gutekereza kubintu byiza.Niba ibicuruzwa byatejwe imbere kugirango byinjizwe mubintu byubaka, ababikora bakeneye kwisubiraho.Abubatsi, abubatsi, hamwe nabatuye inyubako babanza kwitega imikorere isanzwe muruhu rwubaka.Ukurikije uko babibona, kubyara ingufu ni umutungo wongeyeho.Usibye ibi, abategura ibintu byinshi BIPV yagombaga gusuzuma ibintu bikurikira.
- Gutezimbere ibiciro byigiciro cyihariye cyibikoresho byubaka izuba bifite ubunini, imiterere, ibara, no gukorera mu mucyo.
- Gutezimbere ibipimo nibiciro bishimishije (nibyiza kubikoresho byashyizweho byateguwe, nko kubaka amakuru yo kwerekana amakuru (BIM).
- Kwinjiza ibintu bya Photovoltaque mubintu bishya bya façade hifashishijwe ibikoresho byubaka nibintu bitanga ingufu.
- Kwihangana gukabije kugicucu (by'ibanze).
- Iterambere rirerire no gutesha agaciro igihe kirekire gihamye hamwe nimbaraga zisohoka, kimwe nigihe kirekire gihamye no gutesha agaciro isura (urugero: ibara rihamye).
- Gutezimbere kugenzura no kubungabunga ibitekerezo kugirango uhuze nibihe byihariye byurubuga (urebye uburebure bwubushakashatsi, gusimbuza modul zifite inenge cyangwa ibintu bya façade).
- no kubahiriza ibisabwa n'amategeko nkumutekano (harimo kurinda umuriro), kodegisi yubaka, code yingufu, nibindi 、
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-09-2022